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Organization

Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The ruling party of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union: the Bolsheviks under a new name, from March 1918 to 1991.

8 links, 7 backed by primary records

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Dates
8 Mar 1918 – 1991
Place
Moscow
Also known as
Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), CPSU
Over time
  1. Active 8 Mar 1918 – 1991
  2. headed by Joseph Stalin (General Secretary) 1922 – 5 Mar 1953
  3. members Nadezhda Krupskaya (member of the Central Committee) 1927–1939
  4. headed by Nikita Khrushchev (First Secretary) Sep 1953 – 14 Oct 1964
  5. headed by Leonid Brezhnev (First Secretary (General Secretary from April 1966)) 14 Oct 1964 – 10 Nov 1982
  6. headed by Mikhail Gorbachev (General Secretary of the Communist Party) Mar 1985 – Aug 1991

The Bolsheviks renamed themselves the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) at their Seventh Congress in March 1918. Under that name and its successors the party ruled the Soviet Union. Joseph Stalin and Mikhail Gorbachev led it as General Secretary.

Connections 8

headed by

  • Joseph Stalin 1922 – 5 Mar 1953 General Secretary Primary record 1
  • Nikita Khrushchev Sep 1953 – 14 Oct 1964 First Secretary Primary record 23
  • Leonid Brezhnev 14 Oct 1964 – 10 Nov 1982 First Secretary (General Secretary from April 1966) Primary record 245
  • Mikhail Gorbachev Mar 1985 – Aug 1991 General Secretary of the Communist Party Primary record 67

members

leads

  • Soviet Union Primary record 10

    Written into the 1977 Constitution as Article 6.

involved in

formerly

  • Bolsheviks 8 Mar 1918 renamed the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Primary record 12
Timeline 7 dates
  1. 8 Mar 1918 – 1991 Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  2. 8 Mar 1918 Bolsheviks became Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  3. 1922 – 5 Mar 1953 Joseph Stalin head of Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  4. 1927–1939 Nadezhda Krupskaya member of Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  5. Sep 1953 – 14 Oct 1964 Nikita Khrushchev head of Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  6. 14 Oct 1964 – 10 Nov 1982 Leonid Brezhnev head of Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  7. Mar 1985 – Aug 1991 Mikhail Gorbachev head of Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Proof 12 sources
  1. Address by the President of the Russian Federation, 21 February 2022, Russian government, 21 Feb 2022. Primary record Archived copy
    In 1922, Stalin occupied the positions of both the General Secretary of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the People’s Commissar for Ethnic Affairs.
  2. Soviet Union: A Country Study, Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, 1991. Scholarship & press
    Malenkov found a formidable rival in Nikita S. Khrushchev, whom the Presidium elected first secretary
    Khrushchev removed from power; Leonid I. Brezhnev becomes CPSU first secretary.
  3. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume XIV, Soviet Union, October 1971–May 1972: list of persons, U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Primary record
    Khrushchev, Nikita S., former First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party and Chairman of the Soviet Council of Ministers (1953–1964)
  4. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume XIV, Soviet Union: list of persons, U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Primary record
    Brezhnev, Leonid I., First Secretary (General Secretary after April 1966), Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from October 1964
  5. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1981–1988, Volume III, Soviet Union, January 1981–January 1983: list of persons, U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Primary record
    Brezhnev, Leonid, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union until his death on November 10, 1982
  6. U.S.-Soviet Relations, 1981-1991 (Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations), U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Primary record
    The March 1985 appointment of Mikhail Gorbachev as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union provided Reagan with a viable negotiating partner.
  7. The Collapse of the Soviet Union (Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations), U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian. Primary record
    He resigned his leadership as head of the Communist party shortly thereafter—separating the power of the party from that of the presidency of the Soviet Union.
  8. Krupskaya, Nadezhda Konstantinovna, Encyclopedia of Russian History (Macmillan Reference USA), via Encyclopedia.com, 2004. Scholarship & press Archived copy
    From 1927 to 1939 she served as a full member of the (now much weakened) Central Committee of the Party.
  9. Birth of Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya, Russian statesman and party leader, theorist and organizer of Soviet pedagogical science and public education system, Presidential Library (Russia). Scholarship & press Archived copy
    since 1927 - member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
  10. Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, adopted 7 October 1977, Bucknell University Russian Program, 7 Oct 1977. Primary record
    The leading and guiding force of the Soviet society and the nucleus of its political system, of all state organisations and public organisations, is the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
  11. Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 42: editors' note 1 to "On the Establishment of the U.S.S.R.", Marxists Internet Archive (Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 42, Progress Publishers, 1971), 1971. Primary record
    The C.C. plenum fully supported Lenin, adopted a resolution in the form of C.C. directives based on his proposals
  12. Resolution on Changing the Name of the Party and the Party Programme (Extraordinary Seventh Congress of the R.C.P.(B.)), Marxists Internet Archive (Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 27), 8 Mar 1918. Primary record
    The Congress resolves that our Party (the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party of Bolsheviks) be named hence forth the Russian Communist Party, with the word “Bolsheviks” added in brackets.
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