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Event

Composition of the Torah

Modern source-critical account of how the first five books of the Bible came together over about five centuries; tradition ascribes them to Moses.

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Dates
c. 1000 BCE – c. 500 BCE

According to Christine Hayes, source critics hold that the Torah was assembled from older documents, with its last editing after the exile in Babylon. According to Judaism’s tradition, Moses wrote it. Both accounts are shown side by side; the sources here do not settle between them.

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  • Torah According to Christine Hayes Scholarship & press 1

    This is the classic source-critical (documentary) account as a Yale lecturer sums it up. Scholars differ on the sources and their dates, and some reject the model. The tradition's account is Moses's (see moses, c9). Neither is stated here as fact.

Timeline 1 date
  1. c. 1000 BCE – c. 500 BCE Composition of the Torah
Proof 1 source
  1. Introduction to the Old Testament (Hebrew Bible), Lecture 5 transcript, Yale University (Open Yale Courses), 2006. Scholarship & press
    the Torah is really the result of five centuries of religious and literary activity. And this of course is a very, very different portrait from traditional claims about the authorship of the Pentateuch by one man, Moses, in approximately the fourteenth century BCE.
    the documentary hypothesis is an effort to explain the contradictions, the doublets, anachronisms and so on in the Bible by means of hypothetical source documents.
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