Event
Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda
About 100 days of mass killing in Rwanda from April to July 1994, which the Rwanda Tribunal found to be genocide.
Connections 17
involved
- Interim government of Rwanda its Prime Minister pleaded guilty to genocide Primary record 1
- Rwandan Armed Forces the Tribunal says it organised and planned the genocide with the political forces behind "Hutu-power" Primary record 2
- Interahamwe armed militia that carried out killings Primary record 2
- United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda UN peacekeeping force on the ground Primary record 3
- Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines broadcaster Primary record 24
- Kangura newspaper Primary record 4
- Agathe Uwilingiyimana killed on 7 April Primary record 3
includes
- Bisesero, 27 to 30 June 1994 Primary record 5
- Killing of ten Belgian peacekeepers, 7 April 1994 Primary record 3
- Massacre after the Belgian withdrawal from the ETO school (Don Bosco), Kigali, 11 April 1994 Primary record 3
- Nyarubuye Parish, 15 to 17 April 1994 Primary record 6
- Killings in Taba commune, 19 April 1994 Primary record 2
led to
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International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
Primary record
7
The Security Council created the Tribunal by resolution 955 (1994).
appears in
- Final report of the Commission of Experts on Rwanda (S/1994/1405) the Commission found genocide Primary record 8
- Security Council resolution 912 (1994) named in the resolution as “the ensuing large-scale violence” Primary record 3
- Dénombrement des victimes du génocide (Count of genocide victims), 2000 its dead were counted Scholarship & press 9
- Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda documented Scholarship & press 10
Timeline 1 date
- Apr–Jul 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda
Proof 10 sources
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The Prosecutor v. Jean Kambanda, Case No. ICTR 97-23-S, Judgement and Sentence, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 4 Sep 1998.
Primary record
Jean Kambanda acknowledges that he participated in meetings of the Council of Ministers, cabinet meetings and meetings of prefets where the course of massacres were actively followed, but no action was taken to stop them.
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The Prosecutor v. Jean-Paul Akayesu, Case No. ICTR-96-4-T, Judgement of Trial Chamber I, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 2 Sep 1998.
Primary record
The Chamber's opinion is that the genocide was organized and planned not only by members of the RAF, but also by the political forces who were behind the "Hutu-power"
that it was executed essentially by civilians including the armed militia and even ordinary citizens
the psychological preparation of the population to attack the Tutsi, which preparation was masterminded by some news media, with the RTLM at the forefront
there was a widespread and systematic attack against the civilian population in Rwanda on 19 April 1994 and the conduct of the Accused formed part of this attack.
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Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda (S/1999/1257) [the UN PDF is an image scan; quoted text is taken from the copy of the UN web page archived at phdn.org/archives/www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/documents/RwandaReport1.htm (Parts I to V)], United Nations, 15 Dec 1999.
Primary record
The international community did not prevent the genocide, nor did it stop the killing once the genocide had begun.
After searching the compound, the soldiers eventually found the Prime Minister, who was shot at the back of the compound.
The tragic killing of the Belgian peacekeepers took place against a backdrop of an escalated confrontation with Rwandan soldiers outside the Prime Minister's house.
There is no doubt that the decision to evacuate the school, leaving thousands of refugees behind at the mercy of the waiting forces of the Interahamwe
appalled at the ensuing large-scale violence in Rwanda, which has resulted in the deaths of thousands of innocent civilians, including women and children
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The Appeals Chamber Reduces Sentences of Ferdinand Nahimana, Jean-Bosco Barayagwiza and Hassan Ngeze (press release on the Media case appeal judgement), International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 28 Nov 2007.
Primary record
The Appeals Chamber confirmed that some RTLM broadcasts after 6 April 1994 directly incited to commit genocide against the Tutsis and substantially contributed to the killing of a great number of Tutsis.
directly and publicly incited to commit genocide through the 1994 Kangura publications
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France, Rwanda and the Tutsi Genocide (1990-1994): Report submitted to the President of the Republic on 26 March 2021 (English translation; the French version is the reference), Research Commission on the French archives related to Rwanda and the Tutsi genocide, 26 Mar 2021.
Primary record
The Bisesero massacres perpetrated by extremist Hutu militias against Tutsi civilians taking refuge on a hillside
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The Prosecutor v. Sylvestre Gacumbitsi, Case No. ICTR-2001-64-T, Judgement, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 17 Jun 2004.
Primary record
Very many Tutsi were killed that day.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 955 (1994), establishing the International Tribunal for Rwanda, United Nations Security Council, 8 Nov 1994.
Primary record
Believing that the establishment of an international tribunal for the prosecution of persons responsible for genocide and the other above-mentioned violations of international humanitarian law
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Final report of the Commission of Experts established pursuant to Security Council resolution 935 (1994) (S/1994/1405), United Nations, 9 Dec 1994.
Primary record
there exists overwhelming evidence to prove that acts of genocide against the Tutsi group were perpetrated by Hutu elements in a concerted, planned, systematic and methodical way
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Accounting for the Dead in the Rwandan Genocide, Review of African Political Economy, 17 Sep 2020.
Scholarship & press
The report speaks of a total of 1,074,017 victims
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Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda (Human Rights Watch and FIDH), Human Rights Watch, Mar 1999.
Scholarship & press
In the thirteen weeks after April 6, 1994, at least half a million people perished in the Rwandan genocide
Page history 1 change
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