Event
U.S. embargoes on Japan, 1940–1941
U.S. limits on selling Japan scrap iron, steel and oil, and the freezing of Japanese assets on 26 July 1941.
- Dates
- 1940–1941
Connections 8
interventions
- Cordell Hull 28 Jun 1940 said the U.S. had been “progressively bringing economic pressure to bear on Japan” Primary record 1
- Cordell Hull 8 Oct 1940 told Japan’s ambassador the scrap iron and steel embargo applied to all nations but Britain and the Western Hemisphere Primary record 2
involved
- Japan the buyer: the U.S. was the main supplier of its oil, steel and iron Primary record 3
- Franklin D. Roosevelt President; explained on 24 July 1941 why oil still went to Japan Primary record 45
- Cordell Hull Secretary of State Primary record 2
- United States government froze Japanese assets by executive order on 26 July 1941 Primary record 36
- Japan its ambassador warned on 23 July 1941 that restricting oil would inflame Japanese opinion Primary record 7
- Franklin D. Roosevelt on 28 August 1941, Hull’s memorandum records, spoke of the oil quota allowed Japan Primary record 8
Timeline 3 dates
- 1940–1941 U.S. embargoes on Japan, 1940–1941
- 28 Jun 1940 Cordell Hull intervened in U.S. embargoes on Japan, 1940–1941
- 8 Oct 1940 Cordell Hull intervened in U.S. embargoes on Japan, 1940–1941
Proof 8 sources
-
Memorandum by the Secretary of State Regarding a Conversation With the British Ambassador and the Australian Minister, June 28, 1940, U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 28 Jun 1940.
Primary record
this country has been progressively bringing economic pressure to bear on Japan since last summer, now a year
-
Memorandum by the Secretary of State Regarding a Conversation With the Japanese Ambassador (Horinouchi), October 8, 1940, U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 8 Oct 1940.
Primary record
the embargo, as the Ambassador knows, applies to all nations except Great Britain and the Western Hemisphere.
it was only at the height of our national defense preparations that we were imposing a few embargoes on important commodities.
Memorandum by the Secretary of State Regarding a Conversation With the Japanese Ambassador (Horinouchi)
-
Pearl Harbor, 1941 (Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations), U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian.
Primary record
The United States was the main supplier of the oil, steel, iron, and other commodities needed by the Japanese military as it became bogged down by Chinese resistance
instituting a full embargo on exports to Japan, freezing Japanese assets in U.S. banks, and sending supplies into China along the Burma Road.
-
Informal Remarks of President Roosevelt to the Volunteer Participation Committee, July 24, 1941, U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 24 Jul 1941.
Primary record
Now, if we cut the oil off, they probably would have gone down to the Dutch East Indies a year ago, and you would have had war.
-
Memorandum by the Acting Secretary of State (Welles), July 24, 1941: the President and the Japanese Ambassador, U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 24 Jul 1941.
Primary record
if these oil supplies had been shut off or restricted the Japanese Government and people would have been furnished with an incentive or a pretext for moving down upon the Netherlands East Indies
-
Statement Issued by the White House on July 26, 1941 (freezing of Japanese assets), U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 26 Jul 1941.
Primary record
he issued, on July 26, an Executive order freezing Japanese assets in the United States in the same manner in which assets of various European countries were frozen on June 14, 1941.
-
Memorandum by the Acting Secretary of State (Welles) Regarding a Conversation With the Japanese Ambassador (Nomura), July 23, 1941, U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 23 Jul 1941.
Primary record
any measures restricting oil exports to Japan would undoubtedly inflame Japanese public opinion exceedingly
-
Memorandum by the Secretary of State, August 28, 1941: the Japanese Ambassador calls on the President, U.S. Department of State, Peace and War: United States Foreign Policy 1931-1941 (1943), online edition, 28 Aug 1941.
Primary record
under the oil quota allowed Japan by this Government, Japan was in a position to have a number of tankers loaded with oil and transported to Japan if and when it so desired.
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