connect the dot

‹ On the map

Organizations

128 organizations, A to Z.

#

  • 23andMe 2006 –Consumer genetic-testing company in California, co-founded in 2006 by Anne Wojcicki.

A

  • AccelAmerican venture capital firm; Facebook's first venture investor.
  • AddeparGlobal data and AI company serving the financial services industry.
  • Akimat of AstanaCity administration of Astana, Kazakhstan's capital, led by the akim (mayor).
  • Almaty district courtA district court in Almaty, Kazakhstan; the Austrian Press Agency calls it "the Almaty district court".
  • Alphabet 2015 –Holding company formed in 2015 as the parent of Google.
  • Amazon 1994 –American e-commerce and cloud-computing company founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994.
  • Apple 1976 –American maker of computers, phones and software. It started as a partnership on 1 April 1976 and was incorporated in California on 3 January 1977.
  • Atameken National Chamber of Entrepreneurs 9 Sep 2013 –Kazakhstan's national chamber of entrepreneurs, a business association.
  • Atomic Energy Commission 1 Jan 1947 – 19 Jan 1975US federal agency that controlled atomic energy from 1947 to 1975.

B

  • BarclaysBritish bank headquartered in London.
  • Barclays Global InvestorsBarclays' investment management business, which pioneered the iShares exchange-traded funds; bought by BlackRock in 2009.
  • BlackRock 1988 –American asset manager founded in 1988.
  • BlackRock AdvisorsInvestment adviser registered with the SEC; a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc.
  • BlackRock Fund AdvisorsInvestment adviser registered with the SEC; a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc.
  • Blackstone 1985 –American alternative asset manager founded in 1985 by Stephen A. Schwarzman and Peter G. Peterson.
  • Blackstone Financial Management 1988 – Jul 1992Fixed-income asset manager formed in 1988 by Larry Fink and seven partners in partnership with The Blackstone Group; renamed BlackRock in 1992.
  • Blue Origin 2000 –American spaceflight company founded by Jeff Bezos in 2000.
  • Bobek International Children's Charitable Fund Feb 1992 –Children's charity in Kazakhstan, founded in February 1992 by Sara Nazarbayeva.
  • Bolsheviks 1903 – 8 Mar 1918Lenin's party, a faction from 1903; in March 1918 it renamed itself the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks).

C

  • Catholic ChurchThe largest Christian church, led by the Pope.
  • Central Intelligence Agency 1947 –Civilian foreign intelligence agency of the United States government, established in 1947.
  • Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Dec 2015 –Philanthropic organization set up as a limited liability company, founded in December 2015 by Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg.
  • Citadel 1990 –Alternative investment manager founded by Ken Griffin in 1990.
  • Citadel Securities 2002 –Market maker founded in 2002 by Ken Griffin and partners; a separate firm from Citadel.
  • Communist Party of the Soviet Union 8 Mar 1918 – 1991The ruling party of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union: the Bolsheviks under a new name, from March 1918 to 1991.

D

E

F

G

  • GameStopAmerican video game retailer listed on the New York Stock Exchange as GME.
  • Google 1998 –American internet search and technology company, founded in 1998; part of Alphabet since 2015.
  • Green DotAmerican consumer banking and payments company known for prepaid debit cards; it bought Loopt in 2012.
  • Greenoaks CapitalSan Francisco-based investment firm.

H

I

  • IBM 1911 –American computer and technology company.
  • Imperial German government 18 Jan 1871 – 9 Nov 1918Government of the German Empire (1871–1918).
  • In-Q-Tel 1999 –Not-for-profit strategic investment firm set up by the CIA in 1999.
  • Index VenturesVenture capital firm that invests from seed stage to IPO.
  • InfosysIndian information-technology services company; one of OpenAI's launch donors.

K

  • KazMunayGas Feb 2002 –Kazakhstan's national oil and gas company, formed in 2002 by merging Kazakhoil and Oil and Gas Transportation.
  • Keyhole 2001 – Oct 2004Digital mapping start-up (2001–2004) backed by In-Q-Tel; its EarthViewer became Google Earth.
  • Khosla VenturesSilicon Valley venture capital firm; an early investor in OpenAI LP.
  • Kleiner PerkinsSilicon Valley venture capital firm.
  • Kuwait Investment AuthorityInvestment body that acts for and on behalf of the Government of the State of Kuwait.

L

  • Lakeside SchoolPrivate school in Seattle where Bill Gates and Paul Allen met.
  • Lattice 2015 –Human-resources software company founded in 2015 by Jack Altman and Eric Koslow; a Y Combinator company (Winter 2016).
  • Loopt 2005 – Mar 2012Mobile location-sharing company co-founded by Sam Altman in 2005; in Y Combinator's first batch; bought by Green Dot in March 2012.
  • Los Alamos Employees' Scholarship FundCollege scholarship fund for students in northern New Mexico; in 2014 it was funded by donations from Los Alamos National Laboratory employees plus a match from Los Alamos National Security, LLC, and administered by the LANL Foundation.
  • Los Alamos High SchoolPublic high school in Los Alamos, New Mexico.

M

N

  • NASA 1 Oct 1958 –US civilian space agency, created in 1958.
  • National Securities Clearing CorporationClearing agency that clears and settles most US equity trades.
  • New Enterprise AssociatesAmerican venture capital firm; a backer of Loopt.
  • Nur Otan 1999 –Kazakhstan's ruling party from 1999, founded as Otan and named Nur Otan from 2006 and Amanat from 2022; in June 2026 its congress voted to merge into the new Adilet party.
  • NYU Langone HealthAcademic medical center of New York University.

O

  • OpenAI Dec 2015 –American artificial intelligence research organization, founded as a nonprofit in December 2015; it added a capped-profit arm, OpenAI LP, in 2019 and recapitalized it as OpenAI Group PBC in October 2025.

P

  • Palantir Technologies 2003 –Data-analysis software company founded in 2003, first for US intelligence work.
  • PayPal 1998 –Online payments company co-founded in 1998; owned by eBay from 2002 to 2015.
  • People's Commissariat of Education 8 Nov 1917 – 1946Soviet Russia's department for schools, adult education and political education, set up after the October Revolution of 1917 and renamed a ministry in 1946.
  • Phillips Exeter AcademyPrivate boarding school in Exeter, New Hampshire.
  • PNC Financial Services GroupAmerican financial services company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
  • Point72Investment firm founded and led by Steven A. Cohen.
  • PolitiFact 2007 –American fact-checking website run by the Poynter Institute.
  • President's Strategic and Policy Forum 2 Dec 2016 – 16 Aug 2017Forum of business leaders set up by Donald Trump in December 2016 to advise him; disbanded in August 2017.
  • Princeton UniversityPrivate research university in Princeton, New Jersey.
  • Project RAND 1946–1948Research project created by the U.S. Army Air Forces in 1946 within the Douglas Aircraft Company in Santa Monica; it became the RAND Corporation in 1948.

Q

  • QuoraQuestion-and-answer website co-founded by Adam D'Angelo.

R

  • RAND Corporation 14 May 1948 –Nonprofit research organization headquartered in Santa Monica; it began in 1946 as Project RAND within Douglas Aircraft and became independent in 1948.
  • Robinhood Financial Oct 2013 –Robinhood's broker-dealer for its customers' accounts.
  • Robinhood Markets 2013 –American retail brokerage and financial services company founded in 2013.
  • Ronald Reagan Presidential LibraryPresidential library of Ronald Reagan, run by the US National Archives; in this graph also a perspective.
  • Russian government 1991 –The state authorities of the Russian Federation (1991–), headed by its President; in this graph also a perspective.
  • Russian Provisional Government 15 Mar 1917 – 8 Nov 1917Russia's government between the abdication of Nicholas II and the Bolshevik seizure of power (March–November 1917).

S

  • Saga VenturesVenture capital firm co-founded by Max Altman; it raised a $125 million fund in 2024.
  • Samruk-Kazyna 2008 –Kazakhstan's sovereign wealth fund, founded in 2008 by presidential decree; the government is its sole shareholder.
  • Scale AI 2016 –San Francisco AI company that provides data, model evaluations and AI applications to AI labs, enterprises and governments. Founded in 2016 (Y Combinator Summer 2016 batch).
  • Seattle Computer ProductsSeattle-area hardware maker that wrote 86-DOS and sold it to Microsoft.
  • Security Council of Kazakhstan 21 Aug 1991 –Constitutional body that coordinates Kazakhstan's national security policy; formed by presidential decree on 21 August 1991.
  • Senate of Kazakhstan 30 Jan 1996 –Upper house of Kazakhstan's Parliament under the 1995 Constitution.
  • Senvest CapitalInvestment company based in Montréal whose shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol SEC. With its subsidiaries it holds equity and real estate investments, mostly in the United States.
  • Sequoia Capital 1972 –Silicon Valley venture capital firm, formed in 1972.
  • Soviet government 30 Dec 1922 – 26 Dec 1991The government of the Soviet Union (1922–1991).
  • SpaceX 2002 –American rocket and spacecraft company founded by Elon Musk in 2002.
  • Stanford UniversityPrivate research university in Stanford, California.
  • State Street Bank and Trust CompanyCustody bank in Boston and the principal banking subsidiary of State Street Corporation; it traces its beginnings to 1792.
  • State Street Corporation 1969 –American financial holding company in Boston, organized in 1969; the parent of State Street Bank and Trust and of the asset manager State Street Investment Management.
  • State Street Investment ManagementThe asset manager of State Street Corporation, previously named State Street Global Advisors.

T

  • Tesla 2003 –American maker of electric vehicles and energy-storage products.
  • The Giving Pledge Jun 2010 –Campaign started in 2010 that asks the very wealthy to commit most of their wealth to philanthropy.
  • The Seattle TimesDaily newspaper in Seattle, Washington.
  • The Vanguard Group 24 Sep 1974 –American investment-management company, incorporated by John C. Bogle in September 1974; it began operations in May 1975.
  • Tiger Global ManagementNew York-based technology-focused investment firm.

U

V

  • Vanguard 500 Index Fund 31 Aug 1976 –Vanguard index mutual fund that tracks the S&P 500; launched in 1976 as First Index Investment Trust, the first index mutual fund for individual investors.
  • Vanguard AdvisersInvestment adviser registered with the SEC; an indirect subsidiary of The Vanguard Group, Inc.
  • Vanguard Capital Management 2025 –Investment adviser to Vanguard funds and a wholly owned subsidiary of The Vanguard Group, established in 2025.
  • Vanguard fundsThe more than 200 Vanguard investment funds, which jointly own The Vanguard Group.
  • Vienna Public Prosecutor's OfficeThe public prosecutor's office in Vienna, Austria.

W

  • Wellington Management Company 1933 –Investment management firm that grew out of Walter L. Morgan's Wellington Fund (1928); incorporated in 1933.
  • World Economic ForumOrganization whose flagship event is the annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland.

Y

  • Y Combinator Mar 2005 –Startup investment firm founded in March 2005 by Paul Graham, Jessica Livingston, Robert Morris and Trevor Blackwell; it funds startups in batches.
  • YC ResearchNonprofit research arm set up by Y Combinator in 2015; one of OpenAI's launch donors.
  • YouTube Feb 2005 –Online video service founded in February 2005; owned by Google since November 2006.

Z

  • Zip2 1995 – Mar 1999Internet software company that made online city guides and business directories for newspapers; co-founded in 1995 by Elon and Kimbal Musk, bought by Compaq in March 1999.