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Event

Founding of the Soviet Union

The 30 December 1922 declaration and treaty uniting Soviet Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and the Transcaucasian republic as the USSR.

9 links, 6 backed by primary records

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Dates
30 Dec 1922
Place
Moscow
Also known as
Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, Union Treaty of 1922, Formation of the USSR

On 30 December 1922 delegates of Soviet Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and the Transcaucasian republic, meeting in Moscow, founded the Soviet Union. Joseph Stalin, then Commissar of Nationality Affairs, presented the treaty. Its article 26 kept each republic’s “full liberty to leave the Union”, the right invoked when the Union was dissolved in 1991.

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  1. 30 Dec 1922 Founding of the Soviet Union
Proof 5 sources
  1. Declaration of Union and Treaty of Union, December 30, 1922, Seventeen Moments in Soviet History, Michigan State University, 30 Dec 1922. Primary record
    The Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic (RSFSR), the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR), the Belorussian Socialist Soviet Republic (BSSR) and the Transcaucasian Socialist Federal Soviet Republics (Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia), hereby conclude a treaty
    hereby conclude a treaty for their union into a single united State, the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics
  2. Treaty on the Creation of the Soviet Union: Signed, Sealed, and Delivered?, Law Library of Congress (In Custodia Legis), 8 Jan 2013. Scholarship & press
    This was the Treaty on the Creation of the Soviet Union, which was adopted 90 years ago on December 30, 1922, by representatives from Belarus, Russia, Transcaucasian SFSR (Transcaucasia, aka South Caucasus), and Ukraine.
    Joseph Stalin, who at that time was the Commissar of Nationality Affairs, reported the outcome of the conference to the full Congress on December 30, 1922.
    In December 1922, delegates from all four countries assembled in Moscow for a joint session of the Congress of Soviets.
  3. The Formation of the Union of the Soviet Republics (report to the First Congress of Soviets of the U.S.S.R.), Marxists Internet Archive (J. V. Stalin, Works, vol. 5, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1954), 30 Dec 1922. Primary record
    Comrades, on the instructions of the Conference of Plenipotentiary Delegations of the Soviet Republics I move that you ratify the texts I have just read of the Declaration and Treaty on the Formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
  4. On the Establishment of the U.S.S.R. (letter to L. B. Kamenev for members of the Politbureau), Marxists Internet Archive (Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 42, Progress Publishers), 26 Sep 1922. Primary record
    I hope the purport of this concession is clear: we consider ourselves, the Ukrainian S.S.R. and others, equal, and enter with them, on an equal basis, into a new union, a new federation, the Union of the Soviet Republics of Europe and Asia.
  5. Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 42: editors' note 1 to "On the Establishment of the U.S.S.R.", Marxists Internet Archive (Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 42, Progress Publishers, 1971), 1971. Primary record
    In accordance with Lenin’s proposals the resolution drafted by the C.C.’s Commission was revised.
    The C.C. plenum fully supported Lenin, adopted a resolution in the form of C.C. directives based on his proposals
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